
Identifies at least two carbon intensity metrics (g CO2/ATK for dedicated cargo planes and g CO2/ASK for dedicated passenger aircraft) suitable for use in establishing a CO2 standard for new commercial aircraft.
Distills best practices in heavy-duty emissions controls from the EU, U.S., and Japan into a single regulatory program suitable for adoption by interested countries.
Compares passenger vehicle greenhouse gas and fuel economy standards from eight major countries, states, and regions. It finds that Japan and Europe are closely tied in the "race to the top" for the world's most efficient new passenger vehicle fleet, while the United States lags behind these two regions by a large margin.