Stricter standards for better trade: India’s tractor exports and relative emission standards

India manufactures about one million agricultural tractors annually, 15% of which are exported. This paper assesses India’s agricultural tractor exports from 2008 to 2025. Our study compares India’s emission standards with those of major export destinations, which together account for 67% of the market, including the United States, European Union, Brazil, Mexico, Bangladesh, South Africa, and Thailand. As many countries are establishing zero- emission regulations, incentivizing domestic manufacturing of electric tractors could further strengthen India’s global strategic advantage as a tractor supplier.